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Hydrothermal Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Citric Acid
Author(s) -
Sang Song,
Yang Sheng,
Guo Aoping,
Gao Xiang,
Wang Yangyang,
Zhang Ce,
Cui Fangming,
Yang Xiaojing
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chemistry – an asian journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.18
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1861-471X
pISSN - 1861-4728
DOI - 10.1002/asia.202000983
Subject(s) - carbon fibers , hydrothermal circulation , citric acid , hydrothermal carbonization , graphene , nano , materials science , fullerene , carbonization , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , chemistry , composite material , organic chemistry , composite number , scanning electron microscope , engineering
Carbon nano‐onions with concentric fullerene‐like carbon shells were synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization of citric acids at 180 °C and formed through the intermediates of graphene quantum dots, graphitic nano‐sheets and graphitic hollow polyhedrons. The graphene quantum dots were firstly formed by the dehydration of citric acids and then grew and stacked into graphitic nano‐sheets, which curved into graphitic hollow polyhedrons due to the interface energy. The graphitic hollow polyhedrons eventually transformed into spherical carbon nano‐onions with the lowest interface energy in the hydrothermal solution by disordering and rearrangement of the carbon shell.