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Activation of Small Molecules by Compounds that Contain Triple Bonds Between Heavier Group‐14 Elements
Author(s) -
Guo JingDong,
Sasamori Takahiro
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemistry – an asian journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.18
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1861-471X
pISSN - 1861-4728
DOI - 10.1002/asia.201801329
Subject(s) - triple bond , reactivity (psychology) , steric effects , molecule , diradical , chemistry , group (periodic table) , bent molecular geometry , chemical bond , main group element , computational chemistry , stereochemistry , crystallography , double bond , organic chemistry , catalysis , transition metal , physics , singlet state , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology , excited state , nuclear physics
Abstract Dimetallynes (RE≡ER; E=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb), i.e., systems that contain triple bonds between heavier group‐14 elements represent the heavier homologues of alkynes. The high reactivity of disilynes, digermynes, distannynes, and diplumbynes can be interpreted in terms of their unique bonding situation, which includes a trans ‐bent structure, a small HOMO–LUMO gap, a partial diradical character, their electronic nature, and interactions between bulky substituents. Relatively recent developments in the area of sterically demanding substituents have permitted isolating some stable compounds with a triple bond between heavier group‐14 elements. The structural features of these triple‐bonded compounds and their reactivity toward small molecules have been investigated using experimental and theoretical approaches. This review focuses on recent developments regarding the reactivity of stable compounds with a triple bond between heavier group‐14 elements toward small molecules, where the results were examined using quantum chemical methods. A comprehensive review on carbon chemistry is beyond the scope of this focus review.