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Sex pheromones: Achievements in monitoring and mating disruption of cotton pests in Israel
Author(s) -
Kehat Moshe,
Dunkelblum Ezra
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
archives of insect biochemistry and physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.576
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1520-6327
pISSN - 0739-4462
DOI - 10.1002/arch.940220310
Subject(s) - sex pheromone , mating disruption , biology , pink bollworm , helicoverpa armigera , pheromone , mating , spodoptera littoralis , lepidoptera genitalia , pheromone trap , brassica , botany , funnel , toxicology , zoology , larva , chemistry , noctuidae , organic chemistry
Israeli contributions to the development of monitoring and mating suppression systems for cotton pests via the use of sex pheromones are described. These include identification of pheromones, development of dispensers and traps, assessment of pheromone traps as a monitoring device, and the use of pheromones for mating disruption. In Spodoptera littoralis , the minor component, Z9,E12–14:Ac, in addition to the major component, Z9,E11–14:Ac, was found to be essential for attracting males. The pheromonal components of Helicoverpa armigera were identified and only two, Z11–16:Ald and Z9–16:Ald, were found to be of importance for attracting males. In Heliothis peltigera two major pheromonal components, Z11–16:Ald and Z9–14:Ald, were identified and a species‐specific lure was developed. Two essential components, E10,E12–16:Ald and Z11–16:Ald, were detected in Earias insulana and proved to be effective in the field. The importance of the dispenser for attracting males was investigated. The efficiency of an Israeli septa was greater than that of other septa presently in use in the U.S.A for attracting H. zea or H. virescens . It was also shown that a more suitable dispenser enables the use of a smaller and easier to handle trap. Different types of traps used in Israel over the years are described. The modern funnel traps that are in wide use today throughout the world have almost the same design as the funnel traps developed in Israel long ago. Generally, there is a positive relation between captures of males in traps and the actual population in the field. However, peak capture of males in traps is somewhat delayed as compared with the peak of females in the field, and corresponds more to the egg peak. Trials carried out in Israel to test a hand‐applied polymeric aerosol formulation containing the major sex pheromone component of S. littoralis gave very promising results. Satisfactory mating disruption by hand application of ShinEtsu ropes was obtained for Pectinophora gossypiella and H. armigera . The pink bollworm P. gossypiella is commercially controlled today in Israel by NoMate or ShinEtsu ropes. Twist‐tie formulations for combined mating disruption of both pink bollworm and E. insulana are also being tested. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.