Premium
Biogenic amine biosynthetic and transduction genes in the endoparasitoid wasp Pteromalus puparum (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)
Author(s) -
Qi YiXiang,
Wang JiaLe,
Xu Gang,
Song QiSheng,
Stanley David,
Fang Qi,
Ye GongYin
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
archives of insect biochemistry and physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.576
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1520-6327
pISSN - 0739-4462
DOI - 10.1002/arch.21632
Subject(s) - nasonia vitripennis , biology , pteromalidae , gene , octopamine (neurotransmitter) , genetics , insect , genome , botany , receptor , host (biology) , parasitoid , serotonin
Biogenic amines (BAs), such as octopamine, tyramine, dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine regulate various behaviors and physiological functions in insects. Here, we identified seven genes encoding BA biosynthetic enzymes and 16 genes encoding BA G protein‐coupled receptors in the genome of the endoparasitoid wasp, Pteromalus puparum . We compared the genes with their orthologs in its host Pieris rapae and the related ectoparasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis . All the genes show high (>90%) identity to orthologs in N. vitripennis . P. puparum and N. vitripennis have the smallest number of BA receptor genes among the insect species we investigated. We then analyzed the expression profiles of the genes, finding those acting in BA biosynthesis were highly expressed in adults and larvae and those encoding BA receptors are highly expressed in adults than immatures. Octα1R and 5‐HT 7 genes were highly expressed in salivary glands, and a high messenger RNA level of 5‐HT 1A was found in venom apparatuses. We infer that BA signaling is a fundamental component of the organismal organization, homeostasis and operation in parasitoids, some of the smallest insects.