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Sex pheromone components in oral secretions and crop of male caribbean fruit flies, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew)
Author(s) -
Lu F.,
Teal P.E.A.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
archives of insect biochemistry and physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.576
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1520-6327
pISSN - 0739-4462
DOI - 10.1002/arch.1067
Subject(s) - crop , biology , bioassay , pheromone , pest analysis , botany , food science , horticulture , agronomy , ecology
Chemical analysis of hexane extracts of the oral secretions from male Caribbean fruit flies, Anastrepha suspensa , resulted in identification of pheromone components including: anastrephin, epianastrephin, suspensolide, β‐bisabolene, and α‐farnesene in a ratio of 63:396:4:8:1. Extracts of the crop from male flies contained these same components. No pheromone was detected in the extracts of female oral secretions. Bioassay of the oral secretions indicated that females were attracted to oral secretions from males but not from females. The amounts of anastrephin and epianastrephin in male oral secretions changed with age and time of the day, and were correlated with the amounts of volatile pheromone components released by male flies. The amounts of suspensolide, β‐bisabolene, and α‐farnesene in the crop tissue were greater than those in the crop liquid, while amounts of anastrephin and epianastrephin in the crop tissue and crop liquid changed during the day. Generally, the amounts of suspensolide and β‐bisabolene decreased, and the amounts of anastrephin and epianastrephin increased from 9 am to 6 pm in both crop tissue and crop liquid. The amounts of anastrephin and epianastrephin from crop tissue or crop liquid incubated with suspensolide were significantly higher than those of control. The data show that oral secretions deposited on leaves by males contained terpenoid pheromone components that attract females and that suspensolide was converted to anastrephin and epianastrephin by enzymatic degradation in the crop of male flies. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 48:144–154, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.