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Kinases, intracellular calcium, and apolipophorin‐III influence the adhesion of larval hemocytes of the lepidopterous insect, Galleria mellonella
Author(s) -
Zakarian Robert J.,
Dunphy Gary B.,
Rau Manfred E.,
Albert Paul J.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
archives of insect biochemistry and physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.576
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1520-6327
pISSN - 0739-4462
DOI - 10.1002/arch.10097
Subject(s) - galleria mellonella , protein kinase c , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , tyrosine kinase , kinase , adhesion , biochemistry , signal transduction , chemistry , virulence , organic chemistry , gene
Based on the results from the use of selective inhibitors and activators, active protein kinase A, protein tyrosine kinase, and protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms decreased the adhesion of larval Galleria mellonella hemocytes to glass slides. The protein kinase A inhibitor at all concentrations increased granular cell adhesion only whereas protein tyrosine kinase elevated both granular and plasmatocyte attachment at the lowest concentration. Active, Ca 2+ ‐ and lipid‐dependent PKC isoforms limited plasmatocyte and granular cell adhesion whereas PKC that was inhibited by selected compounds (with differed modes of PKC inhibition) enhanced hemocyte attachment. The granular cells were more sensitive to the PKC inhibitors than were plasmatocytes. Phospholipase C and its diacylglyceride product were necessary to reduce hemocyte adhesion and maintain PKC activity. Extracellular Ca 2+ , possibly transported through L‐channels, was required for plasmatocyte attachment. In contrast, lowering the levels of cytosolic Ca 2+ was associated with decreased PKC activity and was required for hemocyte adhesion. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 53:158–171, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.