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Effect of Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cochlear Function in an Experimental Rat Model
Author(s) -
Mittal Rahul,
Ocak Emre,
Zhu Angela,
Perdomo Mario M.,
Pena Stefanie A.,
Mittal Jeenu,
Bohorquez Jorge,
Eshraghi Adrien A.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the anatomical record
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.678
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1932-8494
pISSN - 1932-8486
DOI - 10.1002/ar.24065
Subject(s) - cochlea , mesenchymal stem cell , medicine , inner ear , auditory brainstem response , bone marrow , stem cell , hair cell , progenitor cell , pathology , hearing loss , anatomy , audiology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is an emerging treatment modality for various human diseases. Although induced pluripotent stem cells have been explored for the restoration of hearing, the potential of MSCs as a therapeutic strategy for various cochlear insults is not precisely known. MSCs possess anti‐inflammatory, anti‐apoptotic and neuroprotective properties, making them an attractive target for the treatment of inner ear disorders such as hair cell damage in response to inflammation. Most of the previous studies have used immunosuppression or the complex surgical techniques to deliver stem cells into the cochlea. However, no information is available regarding the biocompatibility and safety of MSCs in the inner ear in immunocompetent cochlea. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of non‐surgical administration of rodent bone marrow derived MSCs (BM‐MSCs) through transtympanic delivery on the cochlear function and to assess any adverse effects on the auditory system employing a rat model without immunosuppression. We observed that the transtympanic administration of BM‐MSCs has no significant effect on the hearing thresholds as determined by auditory brainstem response and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Histopathological examination revealed no recruitment of inflammatory leukocytes and edema in the cochlea of BM‐MSCs administrated rats. The results of this study suggest that transtympanic administration of BM‐MSCs is safe and can be explored in providing otoprotection against cochlear insults. Anat Rec, 303:487–493, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy