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A C omparative I mmunohistochemical S tudy of A nal C anal E pithelium in H umans and S wine, F ocusing on the A nal T ransitional Z one E pithelium and the A nal G lands
Author(s) -
Muranaka Futoshi,
Nakajima Tomoyuki,
Iwaya Mai,
Ishii Keiko,
Higuchi Kayoko,
Ogiwara Naoko,
Miyagawa Shinichi,
Ota Hiroyoshi
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
the anatomical record
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.678
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1932-8494
pISSN - 1932-8486
DOI - 10.1002/ar.23748
Subject(s) - epithelium , mucin , stratified squamous epithelium , immunohistochemistry , mucin 2 , respiratory epithelium , myoepithelial cell , pathology , biology , chemistry , medicine , gene expression , biochemistry , gene
To better understand the cellular origins and differentiation of anal canal epithelial neoplasms, the immunohistochemical profiles of the anal canal epithelium in humans and swine were evaluated. Formalin‐fixed tissue sections were immunostained for mucin (MUC: MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B), desmoglein 3 (DGS3), p63, CDX2, SOX2, and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). The anal transitional zone (ATZ) epithelium covered the anal sinus and consisted of a stratified epithelium with mucous cells interspersed within the surface lining. Anal glands opened into the anal sinus. Ducts and acini of intraepithelial or periepithelial mucous type were the main structures of human anal glands, whereas those of swine were compound tubuloacinar mixed glands. Distal to the ATZ epithelium, non‐keratinized stratified squamous epithelium merged with the keratinized stratified squamous epithelium of the perianal skin. MUC5AC expression predominated over MUC5B expression in the ATZ epithelium, while MUC5B expression was higher in the anal glands. SOX2 was positive in the ATZ epithelium, anal glands, and squamous epithelium except in the perianal skin. In humans, DGS3 was expressed in the ATZ epithelium, anal gland ducts, and squamous epithelium. p63 was detected in the ATZ epithelium, anal glands, and squamous epithelium. Myoepithelial cells positive for α‐SMA and p63 were present in the anal glands of swine. Colorectal columnar cells were MUC5B + /MUC2 + /CDX2 + /MUC5AC − /SOX2 − . The ATZ epithelium seems to be a distinctive epithelium, with morphological and functional features allowing smooth defecation. The MUC5AC + /SOX2 + /MUC2 − /CDX2 − profile of the ATZ epithelium and anal glands is a useful feature for diagnosing adenocarcinoma arising from these regions. Anat Rec, 301:796–805, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.