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Function of Sirtuins in Biological Tissues
Author(s) -
Shoba Balaji,
Lwin Zin Mar,
Ling Lo Soo,
Bay BoonHuat,
Yip George W.,
Kumar Srinivasan Dinesh
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the anatomical record: advances in integrative anatomy and evolutionary biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.678
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1932-8494
pISSN - 1932-8486
DOI - 10.1002/ar.20875
Subject(s) - sirtuin , neurodegeneration , biology , sirtuin 1 , function (biology) , sirt2 , microbiology and biotechnology , sirt3 , psychological repression , nad+ kinase , biochemistry , disease , enzyme , gene expression , gene , medicine , downregulation and upregulation , pathology
Abstract Sirtuins are protein deacetylases, which are dependent on nicotine adenine dinucleotide. They are phylogenetically conserved from bacteria to humans. Seven sirtuin proteins localized in a wide variety of subcellular locations have been identified in the human genome. The most important known function of sirtuins is their regulation of transcriptional repression, mediated through binding of a complex containing sirtuins and other proteins. Studies have shown that sirtuins have pathophysiological relevance to neurodegeneration, muscle differentiation, inflammation, obesity, and cancer. In addition, sirtuin activity extends the lifespan of several organisms. In this review, we discuss the mode(s) of action of sirtuins, and their biological role(s) in health and disease. Anat Rec, 292:536–543, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.