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Improving the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of epoxy composites using flame retardants with red mud waste
Author(s) -
Kusakli Sefa,
Kocaman Suheyla,
Ceyhan Ayhan Abdullah,
Ahmetli Gulnare
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.50106
Subject(s) - fire retardant , materials science , flammability , composite number , boric acid , cone calorimeter , composite material , ultimate tensile strength , epoxy , ammonium polyphosphate , combustibility , combustion , char , chemistry , organic chemistry
In this study, a novel flame retardant ammonium tetrafluoroborate (ATFB) was successfully synthesized using boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and ammonium hydrogen difluoride (NH 4 HF 2 ) as the reactants. In addition to ATFB, aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) 3 ) was used as a flame retardant and red mud (RM) waste was used as a filler to prepare epoxy composite materials with enhanced flammability properties. The appropriate ratio of RM:ATFB:Al(OH) 3 both in terms of combustion and mechanical properties was found to be 15:10:5 wt%. The tensile strength of the composite in this ratio was obtained as 112 MPa, while the neat ER was 46 MPa. The burnout of the composite with the appropriate RM:ATFB:Al(OH) 3 ratio decreased in the first 10 seconds, and extinguished in 32 seconds. Moreover, the burned area of this composite was the smallest among all the others. The experimental and estimated LOI values for this composite was found as 26 and 29, respectively.