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Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity of PCL–PEG–PCL diacrylate and agarose interpenetrating network hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering
Author(s) -
Su ZihCheng,
Lin ShihJie,
Chang YuHsuan,
Yeh WenLing,
Chu IMing
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.49409
Subject(s) - self healing hydrogels , materials science , biocompatibility , agarose , tissue engineering , ethylene glycol , swelling , biomaterial , interpenetrating polymer network , chemical engineering , biomedical engineering , composite material , polymer chemistry , polymer , chemistry , nanotechnology , medicine , chromatography , metallurgy , engineering
Hydrogels are suitable biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering due to the excellent ability to retain water to provide suitable environment for the tissue, however, the insufficient mechanical properties often prevent their wider applications. The objective of this study was to fabricate biocompatible hydrogels with good mechanical performance, high‐water content, and porous microstructure for cartilage regeneration. Photocrosslinked hydrogels are one of the most widely used systems in tissue engineering due to the superior mechanical properties. In this study, block copolymer, poly( ε ‐caprolactone)‐poly(ethylene)‐poly( ε ‐caprolactone) diacrylate (PCL–PEG–PCL; PEC), was prepared by ring‐opening polymerization, and PEC hydrogels were made through free radical crosslinking mechanism. Agarose network is chosen as another component of the hydrogels, because of the high‐swelling behavior and cartilage‐like microstructure, which is helpful for chondrocytes growth. Interpenetrating networks (IPN) were fabricated by diffusing PEC into agarose network followed by photo‐crosslinking process. It was noted that incorporating PEC into the agarose network increased the elastic modulus and the compressive failure properties of individual component networks. In addition, high‐swelling ratio and uniform porosity microstructures were found in the IPN hydrogels. IPN and PEC showed low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility in elution test method. The results suggest promising characteristics of IPN hydrogels as a potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering.