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Synergistic effects of surface grafting with heparin and addition of poly( d , l ‐lactide) microparticles on properties of poly( l ‐lactide) single crystals scaffolds
Author(s) -
Bakry Ahmed
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.47797
Subject(s) - polymer chemistry , lactide , materials science , tissue engineering , polymer , chemical engineering , covalent bond , grafting , polyester , carbodiimide , chemistry , adhesion , polymerization , biomedical engineering , composite material , organic chemistry , medicine , engineering
Mixtures of heparin grafted poly( l‐ lactide) single crystals (Hep‐PLLA sc ) and poly( d , l‐ lactide) (PDLLA) microparticles are used for assembling hydrophilic and cytocompatible three‐dimensional tissue engineering scaffolds simply by compression molding/salt leaching technique. PLLA is grafted with heparin to promote its surface cytocompatability, while PDLLA is added to reinforce the scaffolds. PLLA sc are aminolyzed with tetraethylenepentamine (13‐atom spacer) to generate sterically accessible amino groups at the surface allowing the covalent attachment of heparin by aqueous carbodiimide chemistry. Morphological and compressive strength studies manifest the integrity and compactness of scaffolds. Toluidine blue assay assures the consistency of heparin distribution throughout the scaffolds, which is in contrary to the conventional grafting reactions by immersing the scaffold in heparin solution. The scaffolds applicability is examined by fibroblast cells seeding experiments. Contrary to pristine scaffolds, Hep‐PLLA sc scaffolds display a hydrophilic and cytocompatible interface for cell adhesion, spreading, growth, and migration. Therefore, combining presurface grafted PLLA sc with PDLLA microparticles could offer durable scaffolds exhibiting bioactive interface and controllable spatial distribution of the grafted biomacromolecules. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136 , 47797.