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One‐pot synthesis, characterization, and field emission investigations of composites of polypyrrole with graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and graphene nanoribbons
Author(s) -
Harpale Kashmira V.,
Bansode Sanjeewani R.,
More Mahendra A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.45170
Subject(s) - graphene , polypyrrole , materials science , oxide , raman spectroscopy , field electron emission , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , graphene nanoribbons , composite material , conductive polymer , polymer , polymerization , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , electron , physics , engineering , quantum mechanics , optics , metallurgy
Pyrrole monomer was polymerized by a chemical oxidative route in the presence of graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO (rGO), and graphene nanoribbons (GNR) separately to prepare composites of polypyrrole (PPy) as PPy–GO, PPy–rGO, and PPy–GNR, respectively. The morphological, chemical, and structural characterization of the as‐synthesized products was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Field emission studies of the PPy–GO, PPy–rGO, and PPy–GNR emitters were performed at the base pressure of 1 × 10 −8 mbar in a planar “diode” configuration. The turn‐on field values, corresponding to an emission current density of 1 µA/cm 2 , are observed to be 1.5, 2.2, and 0.9 V/µm for the PPy–GO, PPy–rGO, and PPy–GNR emitters, respectively. The maximum emission current density of 2.5 mA/cm 2 is drawn from PPy–GO at an applied electric field of 3.2 V/µm, 1.2 mA/cm 2 at 3.6 V/µm from the PPy–rGO, and 8 mA/cm 2 at 2.2 V/µm from the PPy–GNR emitters. All of the composites exhibit good emission stability over more than 2 h. The results indicate the potential for a facile route for synthesizing composites of conducting polymers and graphene‐based materials, with enhanced functionality. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 45170.