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Removal of Cd 2+ ions from aqueous solution using cassava starch–based superabsorbent polymers
Author(s) -
Bai Wenbo,
Fan Liren,
Zhou Yang,
Zhang Yin,
Shi Jiyan,
Lv Guohua,
Wu Yongfeng,
Liu Qi,
Song Jiqing
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.44758
Subject(s) - adsorption , aqueous solution , langmuir adsorption model , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , starch , acrylic acid , superabsorbent polymer , nuclear chemistry , polymer , chemistry , metal ions in aqueous solution , materials science , ion , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , copolymer , engineering
A comprehensive feasibility study on the adsorption of Cd 2+ ions by cassava starch–based superabsorbent polymers (CST‐SAPs) as the biosorbent was investigated as a function of adsorbent dosage, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature. An orthogonal experiment and range analysis were applied to optimize the adsorption conditions. Adsorbent dosage and initial concentration were the most sensitive variables for adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption value of Cd 2+ ions was determined as 347.46 mg/g at pH 6.0, initial concentration of 200 mg/L, and contact temperature and time of 323 K and 6 h, respectively, with 0.1 g adsorbent dosage. The equilibrium data were well described by a Langmuir model, and the adsorption process was well fitted by pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data confirmed that acrylic acid and acrylic amide grafted onto the cassava starch. The X‐ray diffraction and FTIR results for the Cd 2+ ‐absorbed CST‐SAP (CST‐SAP‐Cd 2+ ) samples showed that the CST‐SAP could effectively adsorb Cd 2+ ions and that the characteristic groups were translocated by chelation. The scanning electron microscopy results for the CST‐SAP revealed that the surface of the polymer was rough, and the layered structure that was full of folds caused an enhanced specific surface; such conditions were beneficial to Cd 2+ ion adsorption. It was concluded that the CST‐SAP was an excellent adsorbent for Cd 2+ ion removal from aqueous solution. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 44758.