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Development of a disposable electrode modified with carbonized, graphene‐loaded nanofiber for the detection of dopamine in human serum
Author(s) -
Ekabutr Pongpol,
Sangsanoh Pakakrong,
Rattanarat Poomrat,
Monroe Charles W.,
Chailapakul Orawon,
Supaphol Pitt
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.40858
Subject(s) - materials science , electrode , ascorbic acid , cyclic voltammetry , polyacrylonitrile , dielectric spectroscopy , graphene , detection limit , sodium dodecyl sulfate , electrochemistry , nuclear chemistry , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , chemistry , chromatography , composite material , polymer , food science , engineering
A one‐step electrode surface modification is proposed in which a disposable, screen‐printed carbon electrode is functionalized with carbonized, electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐loaded graphene (G) nanoparticles to form a composite, CPAN5G‐4x. The electrochemical behavior of the CPAN5G‐4x electrode was examined by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction were used to characterize the surface morphology and physical properties of the carbonized composite nanofibers before and after modification. The modified electrode was found to be effective for the detection of dopamine (DA) using square‐wave voltammetry (SWV) in the presence of interfering substances such as ascorbic acid and uric acid. With the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to an optimized solution of phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) at a pH of 2, the fabricated electrode exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of DA relative to PBS without SDS at a pH of 7.4. The SWV current displayed a linear response to DA concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 100 μ M , with a limit of detection of 70 n M ( S / N = 3) and a sensitivity of 1.4258 μA μ M −1 cm −2 . Finally, the CPAN5G‐4x electrode was used to determine DA levels in human serum. The modified electrode can potentially be harnessed for further electrochemical biosensor applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40858.