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Electrospun polyaniline nanofibers web electrodes for supercapacitors
Author(s) -
Chaudhari Sudeshna,
Sharma Yogesh,
Archana Panikar Sathyaseelan,
Jose Rajan,
Ramakrishna Seeram,
Mhaisalkar Subodh,
Srinivasan Madhavi
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.38859
Subject(s) - polyaniline , materials science , supercapacitor , electrospinning , nanofiber , propylene carbonate , cyclic voltammetry , dielectric spectroscopy , chemical engineering , electrolyte , electrochemistry , electrode , scanning electron microscope , capacitance , polyaniline nanofibers , polymerization , composite material , chemistry , polymer , engineering
Polyaniline nanofibers (PANI‐NFs) web are fabricated by electrospinning and used as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Field‐emission scanning electron microscope micrographs reveal nanofibers web were made up of high aspect ratio (>50) nanofibers of length ∼30 μm and average diameter ∼200 nm. Their electrochemical performance in aqueous (1 M H 2 SO 4 and Na 2 SO 4 ) and organic (1 M LiClO 4 in propylene carbonate) electrolytes is compared with PANI powder prepared by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. The electrochemical properties of PANI‐NFs web and PANI powder are studied using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. PANI‐NFs web show higher specific capacitance (∼267 F g −1 ) than chemically synthesized PANI powder (∼208 F g −1 ) in 1 M H 2 SO 4 . Further, PANI‐NFs web demonstrated very stable and superior performance than its counterpart due to interconnected fibrous morphology facilitating the faster Faradic reaction toward electrolyte and delivered specific capacitance ∼230 F g −1 at 1000th cycle. Capacitance retention of PANI‐NFs web (86%) is higher than that observed for PANI powder (48%) indicating the feasibility of electro spun PANI‐NFs web as superior electrode materials for supercapacitors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013