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Synergistic effects of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate with a new carbon source derived from biomass in flame retardant ABS
Author(s) -
Zhang Yan,
Chen Xiaoling,
Fang Zhengping
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.38382
Subject(s) - ammonium polyphosphate , fire retardant , thermogravimetric analysis , limiting oxygen index , materials science , char , thermal stability , chemical engineering , graphite , flammability , copolymer , polyphosphate , composite material , polymer , phosphate , pyrolysis , organic chemistry , chemistry , engineering
A novel flame retardant system, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and expandable graphite (EG) with a new carbon source, poly(diphenolic phenyl phosphate) (poly(DPA‐PDCP)), derived from biomass has been proven to be effective in preventing melting drip and improving flame retardancy of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS) in this study, which was manifested by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical flammability (UL‐94) tests. The optimal synergy was exhibited at a loading of 30 wt % of three flame retardants in a proper ratio (APP/poly(DPA‐PDCP)/EG = 12/3/15). Thermogravimetric analysis result indicated the char residue and the thermal stability could be enhanced because of the synergistic effect of APP/poly(DPA‐PDCP)/EG, which is elaborated by a hypothesis of flame retardancy mechanism of the three components. The morphologies of cross‐section and char residue by SEM were also described. The dynamic mechanical analysis implied that APP/poly(DPA‐PDCP)/EG together can enhance the dynamic mechanical property of ABS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013