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Intercalative polymerization of L ‐lactide with organically modified clay by a reactive extrusion method and instrumental analyses of the poly(lactic acid)/clay nanocomposites
Author(s) -
Nishida Masakazu,
Tanaka Toshiyuki,
Yamaguchi Tomohiro,
Suzuki Kenzi,
Kanematsu Wataru
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.36530
Subject(s) - extrusion , nanocomposite , materials science , lactide , intercalation (chemistry) , scanning electron microscope , reactive extrusion , magic angle spinning , polymerization , polymer chemistry , monomer , lactic acid , chemical engineering , polymer , chemistry , composite material , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , organic chemistry , biology , bacteria , engineering , genetics
Abstract Using a reactive extrusion‐molding process, we produced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites from L ‐lactide monomer in the presence of organic montmorillonites. On the basis of X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses, we determined that the intercalation of the PLA between the clay layers in the mixing process, followed by disappearance of agglomeration, proceeded in the extrusion process. Although only a slight change in the chemical shifts in cross‐polarization/magic angle spinning 13 C‐NMR was observed with the addition of the organic clay, the presence of the additive and the organic content of the nanocomposites affected the nuclear magnetic relaxation times [the 1 H spin‐lattice relaxation time (T 1 H) and the 13 C spin‐lattice relaxation time (T 1 C)] for different temperatures. The nanoclay suppressed increases in T 1 H at elevated temperatures and extended T 1 C values of C=O and CH around room temperature. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012