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Effect of Ni 2+ as a codopant on the structure, morphology, and conductivity of nanostructured polyaniline
Author(s) -
Jiang Man,
Zhu Shibu,
Zhou Zuowan,
Zhao An,
Lu Jun
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.33867
Subject(s) - polyaniline , materials science , aniline , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , doping , conductivity , micelle , polymerization , nanofiber , chemical engineering , spectroscopy , polymer chemistry , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , polymer , composite material , aqueous solution , physics , optoelectronics , quantum mechanics , engineering
Abstract One‐dimensional nanostructures of polyaniline (PANI) doped with (1S)‐(+)‐10‐camphorsulfonic acid (D‐CSA) alone and with NiCl 2 as a codopant were synthesized via in situ polymerization. PANI nanofibers with diameters of about 200 nm were formed when PANI was doped with D‐CSA only. When NiCl 2 was added as a codopant, the morphology of PANI obviously changed. The effects and related mechanisms were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction, and the results indicated that Ni 2+ destroyed the micelles' structure by chemical conjunction with SO 3 H groups in camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) molecules, which were the key component in forming the CSA–aniline micelles. The combination between Ni 2+ and SO 3 −in CSA with a lower addition of Ni 2+ led to a reduction of CSA doping to PANI, but a higher loading of Ni 2+ brought about the direct doping of Ni 2+ to PANI, which caused a higher degree of doping and oxidation. The conductivity of PANI increased almost linearly with increasing Ni 2+ . © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011