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Production and characterization of natural fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composites using wheat straw modified with the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus
Author(s) -
Schirp Anke,
Loge Frank,
Aust Steven,
Swaner Paul,
Turner Glenn,
Wolcott Michael
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.24724
Subject(s) - straw , materials science , composite material , thermoplastic , lignin , natural fiber , pleurotus ostreatus , high density polyethylene , polyethylene , composite number , botany , agronomy , chemistry , food science , biology , mushroom
Wheat straw is an abundantly available and potentially valuable biomass that is currently under‐exploited. In this study, the feasibility of using wheat straw as a filler in high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)‐based composites was explored. Straw was treated with the white‐rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus with the aim of improving adhesion between straw and plastic, and thereby the mechanical properties of the composite. Results indicate that the use of sterilized straw is necessary to inhibit the growth of indigenous organisms that preclude, likely through competition, removal of lignin, and hence, improved bonding between straw and plastic. Light and transmission electron microscopy revealed cell wall modification in sterilized, inoculated straw. Reduced thermal stability of treated straw did not negatively affect the production of injection‐molded straw–plastic composites (SPC). Comparable interfacial adhesion, based on activation energies obtained in dynamic mechanical analysis, was observed in untreated and treated straw‐ and pine‐based thermoplastic composites. The results of this study indicate that wheat straw represents a promising alternative to wood fillers in the production of thermoplastic composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:5191–5201, 2006