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Processes involved during radiation grafting of N ‐vinyl pyrrolidone onto poly(ethylene terephthatate) fabric
Author(s) -
ElGendy E. H.,
Ali N. M.,
ElShanshoury I. A.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.23655
Subject(s) - grafting , kinetics , monomer , diffusion , irradiation , polymer chemistry , materials science , reaction rate constant , intrinsic viscosity , viscosity , activation energy , ethylene , degradation (telecommunications) , polymer , chemical engineering , chemistry , composite material , organic chemistry , thermodynamics , catalysis , telecommunications , physics , quantum mechanics , computer science , nuclear physics , engineering
Kinetics of radiation grafting of N ‐vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric revealed the existence of four different processes. These are as follows: the grafting, the homopolymerization, the degradation, and the diffusion. The grafting process was followed by the increase in weight with the increase in irradiation time ( t ), while the homopolymerization and the degradation processes were evaluated from changes in the square root of the specific viscosity of the irradiated monomer solution (√η sp ) with the increase in t . All processes were carried out at different NVP concentrations, different irradiation temperatures ( T ), and a dose rate 1.31 Gy s −1 . All processes followed first‐order kinetics except the degradation process that followed a 0.6‐order. The rate ( R ) and rate constant ( k ) of grafting and diffusion processes were found to increase with the increase in T , while the homopolymerization and degradation processes showed negative temperature dependence. The sum of R of the four processes was proportional to the initial NVP concentration, while k of the four processes was independent of T and has a value of 0.674 min −1 . The respective apparent activation energies of 24.0, 6.24, 6.84, and 2.5 kJ mol −1 were calculated for the four processes. The NVP molecules participated in each process and their energies were evaluated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3009–3022, 2006