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In situ pultrusion of urea–formaldehyde matrix composites. I. Processability, kinetic analysis, and dynamic mechanical properties
Author(s) -
Chen ChinHsing,
Lue JunYi,
Yen ChihChao
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.2291
Subject(s) - pultrusion , materials science , composite material , prepolymer , differential scanning calorimetry , curing (chemistry) , dynamic mechanical analysis , urea formaldehyde , glass transition , glass fiber , composite number , fiber , polymer , adhesive , polyurethane , physics , layer (electronics) , thermodynamics
We conducted a feasibility study on the pultrusion of a glass‐fiber‐reinforced urea–formaldehyde (UF) composite using a proprietary method. The UF prepolymer synthesized in this study was prepared from blends of UF monomer and a curing agent (NH 4 Cl).The process feasibility, kinetic analysis, and dynamic mechanical properties of the glass‐fiber‐reinforced UF composites by pultrusion were investigated. From investigations of the long pot life of the UF prepolymer, the high reactivity of the UF prepolymer, and excellent fiber wet‐out, we found that the UF resin showed excellent process feasibility for pultrusion. A kinetic model, d α/ dt = A exp(− E / RT )α m (1 − α) n , is proposed to describe the curing behavior of a UF resin. Kinetic parameters for the model were obtained from dynamic differential scanning calorimetry scans with a multiple‐regression technique. The dynamic storage modulus of the pultruded‐glass‐fiber‐reinforced UF composites increased with increasing die temperature, filler content and glass‐fiber content and with decreasing pulling rate. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1242–1251, 2002