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Water‐dispersible conducting nanocomposites of binary polymer systems. I. Poly( N ‐vinylcarbazole)–polyaniline–Al 2 O 3 nanocomposite system
Author(s) -
Maity Arjun,
Biswas Mukul
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.20944
Subject(s) - polyaniline , materials science , polymer chemistry , monomer , polymerization , nanocomposite , aniline , polymer , conductive polymer , thermogravimetric analysis , thermal stability , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , chemistry , composite material , engineering
The chemical oxidative polymerization of a mixture of N ‐vinylcarbazole (NVC) and aniline (ANI), by FeCl 3 in aqueous medium, produced an insoluble polymer that contained polyaniline (PANI), along with some residual poly‐ N ‐vinylcarbazole (PNVC) not extractable with benzene. This insoluble PNVC–PANI composite could be obtained as a stable suspension in water when the above polymerization was conducted in the presence of nanodimensional Al 2 O 3 . Alternatively, PNVC–(PANI–Al 2 O 3 ) composite could also be produced by precipitating a THF solution of preformed PNVC onto a PANI–Al 2 O 3 suspension. Likewise PANI–(PNVC–Al 2 O 3 ) could be obtained by polymerizing ANI onto an aqueous suspension of PNVC–Al 2 O 3 . The inclusion of either of these monomer units in the resultant polymer was confirmed by FTIR analysis. SEM analyses revealed formation of a lumpy aggregate, and TEM analyses confirmed particle sizes of the PNVC–PANI–Al 2 O 3 composite to be in the 52–200 nm range. Thermogravimetric stability was in the order: PANI–Al 2 O 3 < PNVC–PANI–Al 2 O 3 < PNVC–Al 2 O 3 . The dc conductivity values (S/cm) followed the trend: PNVC–Al 2 O 3 (10 −7 ) < PNVC–PANI–Al 2 O 3 (1.5 × 10 −4 ) ≈ PANI–Al 2 O 3 (1.1 × 10 −4 ) < PNVC–PANI (1 × 10 −3 ) at ambient temperature. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 803–811, 2004