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The effect of carbon black on tetramethylthiuram disulfide accelerator sulfur vulcanization of polyisoprene
Author(s) -
McGill W. J.,
Shelver S. R.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1995.070580904
Subject(s) - vulcanization , carbon black , sulfur , polymer chemistry , natural rubber , swelling , chemistry , carbon fibers , benzene , organic chemistry , chemical engineering , materials science , composite material , composite number , engineering
Polyisoprene was vulcanized with the tetramethylthiuram disulfide/sulfur/ZnO system in the presence and absence of N330 carbon black. Crosslinking was carried out in a DSC at a programmed heating rate, the reaction stopped at points along the thermal curve, and the system analyzed. Residual curatives and reaction intermediates were determined by HPLC and crosslink densities by swelling in benzene. Combinations of the powdered curatives were also heated with and without carbon black and analyzed. It is shown that the step in the vulcanization sequence, influenced by carbon black, is the formation of tetramethylthiuram polysulfides that act as the active sulfurating agent in vulcanization. Carbon black catalyzes their formation, and to a lesser extent, the formation of accelerator terminated polysulfidic pendent groups on the chain. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.