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Cure behavior of paper–phenolic composite systems: Kinetic modeling
Author(s) -
Kiran Erdogan,
Iyer Rajan
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1994.070510218
Subject(s) - nucleation , differential scanning calorimetry , isothermal process , thermodynamics , kinetic energy , diffusion , composite number , materials science , kinetics , phenomenological model , homogeneous , chemical kinetics , phase boundary , chemistry , phase (matter) , composite material , organic chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
Cure reactions in paper–phenolic composite systems were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. A phenomenological approach was used to characterize the cure kinetics. Various kinetic models including homogeneous reaction, diffusion‐controlled reactions, surface reaction and phase boundary movement, and nucleation and growth‐type kinetic models have been tested. Kinetic analyses using integral and derivative procedures on dynamic and isothermal data indicate that the cure reaction data can be described well with the homogeneous first‐order reaction model or the Jander three‐dimensional diffusion model. The activation energies are found to be in the range 20–40 kj/mol. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.