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Surface analysis by ESCA of sulfite post‐treated CTMP
Author(s) -
Barry A. O.,
Koran Z.,
Kaliaguine S.
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1990.070390103
Subject(s) - sulfite , chemistry , cellulose , pulp (tooth) , analytical chemistry (journal) , lignin , titration , sulfur , lignosulfonates , oxygen , nuclear chemistry , chromatography , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , medicine , pathology
Handsheets of post‐treated chemithermomechanical pulps (CTMP) and a sample of Whatman paper no. 1 were analyzed using an ESCA spectrometer. All of these samples revealed the presence of the C 1 , C 2 , and C 3 components in the carbon (1s) peak and the O 2 component in the oxygen (1s) peak; the O 1 peak component which was present in the other samples was missing from the Whatman paper. Pulp sulfonation produced a reduction in C 1 representing the group of carbon not bonded to oxygen, and an increase in C 2 with C 3 remaining relatively constant. These changes imply reductions in lignin and extractives and a corresponding increase in cellulose content on the fiber surface. Extrapolation of the C 1 , C 2 , C 1 /C 2 , and O/C curves of CTMP to zero percent sulfonation yielded the same values as those obtained for pure TMP. ESCA analysis allows us to monitor the increase of sulfur content as a function of sulfonation in accordance with results obtained from bulk pulp sulfonate content titration.