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Multiphase materials with lignin. IV. Blends of hydroxypropyl cellulose with lignin
Author(s) -
Rials Timothy G.,
Glasser Wolfgang G.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1989.070370827
Subject(s) - lignin , materials science , organosolv , miscibility , cellulose , hydroxypropyl cellulose , chemical engineering , ultimate tensile strength , scanning electron microscope , polymer , amorphous solid , microcrystalline cellulose , dynamic mechanical analysis , composite material , organic chemistry , chemistry , engineering
Polymer blends of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and organosolv lignin (OSL) were prepared by mixing in solutions of both pyridine and dioxane, and casting as films, and by mixing in the melt followed by extrusion. All preparations exhibited partial miscibility as evidenced by a single T g up to a composition of 40 wt % lignin above which phase separation was detected. Dioxane‐cast and injection‐molded blends were distinguished from the pyridine‐cast materials by a positive T g deviation from additivity, an approximation which adequately described the latter. This positive deviation in T g is attributed to the formation of a liquid‐crystal mesophase with a resultant reduction of amorphous HPC available for interaction with the lignin component. This explanation is supported by a rapid rise in modulus (∼150%) and tensile strength with very low lignin content, and by an associated sharp decline in ultimate elongation. The development of morphological features, as observed by scanning electron microscopy provide further substantiation of this hypothesis.