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Influence of reagent residues and catalysts on formaldehyde release from DMDHEU‐treated cotton
Author(s) -
Pasad Dilip M.,
Beck Keith R.,
Vail Sidney L.
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1987.070340210
Subject(s) - reagent , formaldehyde , chemistry , catalysis , zinc , polymer chemistry , residue (chemistry) , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry
Abstract Observations and conclusions drawn from a model N ‐methylol reactant system have been used to study formaldehyde release from cotton fabric treated with N,N′ ‐dimethylol‐4,5‐dihydroxy‐ethyleneurea (DMDHEU). Reagent residues produced by DMDHEU in the presence of sodium bisulfate or zinc nitrate were found to be more complex than those formed from the N ‐methylolpyrrolidone (NMP) reactant system, and the exact nature of some of the residues from DMDHEU could not be established. Zinc nitrate produces higher fixation of DMDHEU on cotton as compared to sodium bisulfate and also reduces formaldehyde release. As is the case with the NMP system, the lower amount of formaldehyde release with zinc nitrate catalyst is believed to be at least partially due to the formation of a complex between the N ‐methylol reactant, DMDHEU, and zinc nitrate. The COCell bonds in both finishes resist acid‐catalyzed cleavage but cleavage of the NC bonds in N ‐methylol groups (to release formadehyde) in the presence of acid is greater for the DMDHEU system than for the NMP system. Results with the DMDHEU and NMP systems are similar, but because of the complex nature of the products formed in the DMDHEU system it is very difficult to correlated formaldehyde release with specific chemical structures of residues or reactants.