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Poly(phenylene sulfide): Polymerization kinetics and characterization
Author(s) -
Rajan C. R.,
Ponrathnam S.,
Nadkarni V. M.
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1986.070320416
Subject(s) - condensation polymer , polymerization , sodium sulfide , polymer chemistry , kinetics , sulfide , monomer , chemistry , polymer , nucleophilic substitution , degree of polymerization , reaction rate , intrinsic viscosity , organic chemistry , catalysis , physics , quantum mechanics
The polycondensation kinetics of aromatic nucleophilic substitution on 1,4‐dichlorobenzene by sodium sulfide has been investigated at 195°C in N ‐methyl pyrrolidone. The reaction follows second‐order kinetics. The rate is bimodal with an initial slow rate till 50% conversion followed by a faster rate between 50 and 97% conversion. The specific reaction rates have been evaluated as 3.97 × 10 −3 L m −1 s −1 and 1.02 × 10 −2 L m −1 s −1 for the initial and later part (50–97%) of the reaction. The development of the degree of polymerization with reaction time was followed by end‐group analysis and intrinsic viscosity measurements of polymer samples collected at different conversions. The reaction differs from conventional polycondensation reactions in two aspects. Polymer formation occurs at low conversions, and a significant amount of uncreacted monomer is present even at very high conversions. Unlike other precipitation polymerization reactions, the polymer chain continues to grow even after precipitation.