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Comparison of polystyrene, poly(styrene/acrylonitrile), high‐impact polystryrene, and poly(acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene) with respect to tensile and impact properties
Author(s) -
Yokouchi Mitsuru,
Seto Shinichi,
Kobayashi Yasuji
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1983.070280707
Subject(s) - materials science , ultimate tensile strength , composite material , izod impact strength test , acrylonitrile butadiene styrene , natural rubber , polystyrene , acrylonitrile , brittleness , polymer , styrene , copolymer
Abstract The tensile behaviors of polystyrene (PS), poly(styrene/acrylonitrile) (SAN), high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS), and poly(acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene) (ABS) were examined systematically in the wide range of strain rate, 1.7 × 10 −4 –13.1 m/s. When glassy and brittle PS was a criterion, the incorporation of a polar group (SAN) only strengthened the hardness, and the fracture mode was the same as for PS. The introduction of dispersed rubber particles (HIPS) weakened the hardness a little but offered a new deformation mechanism, i.e., microcrazing (whitening), and contributed to the improvement of impact strength. In the heterogeneous system, the enhancement of matrix strength [e.g., preorientation or blending with poly(phenylene oxide) for HIPS] makes possible another deformation mechanism, i.e., shear band formation (cold drawing), which is superior to microcrazing for achieving higher impact strength. ABS, which incorporates concurrently two factors (polar group to matrix phase and dispersed rubber particles), can be regarded as an enhancement of the matrix strength of HIPS. In spite of the remarkable magnitude of its impact strength compared with that of the other three polymers, the deformation mechanism of ABS was limited to microcrazing. This indicated that only the introduction of a polar group (as nitrile group) could not strengthen the matrix as much as preorientation or blending with poly(phenylene oxide).