Premium
Flame resistant cotton by photoinitiated graft copolymerization
Author(s) -
Harris James A.,
Arthur Jett C.,
Goynes Wilton R.
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1979.070240118
Subject(s) - copolymer , oligomer , monomer , materials science , polymer chemistry , polymerization , aqueous solution , cellulose , radical , chemical engineering , composite material , chemistry , organic chemistry , polymer , engineering
Photoinitiated, free‐radical reaction of cotton fabric with vinyl phosphonate oligomer (molecular weight 500–1000) and N‐methylolacrylamide monomer from aqueous solutions to form copolymer gave a textile product that had flame resistance (FF 5‐74 test). The initiating free radicals were formed on the cellulose molecule when cotton fabric was exposed to ultraviolet radiation. The effects of wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation (254, 300, and 350 nm), reaction time (0–9 ksec), solids in solution (10%–60%), atmosphere (air, nitrogen, and oxygen), and oligomer‐to‐monomer concentration (1:0.00 to 1:1.20 mole ratio) on efficiency of monomer and oligomer conversion to copolymer (maximum efficiency 70%–80%) were determined. Evaluation of the flame resistant cotton fabric by transmission electron microscopy showed deposits of copolymer throughout the cross sections of the fibers. However, scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive x‐ray analysis showed that copolymer and phosphorus tended to be more concentrated between and on the surfaces of the fibers.