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Secondary electron emission from polymers and its application to the flexible channel electron multiplier
Author(s) -
Kishimoto Yoshio,
Hayashi Tomonao,
Hashimoto Masashi,
Ohshima Tsutomu
Publication year - 1977
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1977.070211013
Subject(s) - electron multiplier , electron , secondary electrons , materials science , ionization , secondary emission , polymer , photoelectric effect , yield (engineering) , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , optoelectronics , physics , composite material , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , ion
The basic characteristics of secondary electron emission (SEE) from various organic compounds have been investigated, and a channel electron multiplier with high gain and flexibility has been developed. The maximum SEE yield is higher for the aliphatic compound than for the aromatic, and is higher for the organic solid with high ionization potential. By studying the SEE yields from the electron‐conductive polymeric compositions which consist of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) and electroconductive particles (NaTCNQ or carbon black), it is shown that the SEE yield depends mainly on the characteristics of the matrix polymer and is almost independent of the addition of electroconductive particles which inherently have low SEE yields. Adding less than 5% stabilizers to these polymeric compositions has little effect on the SEE yields. A flexible channel electron multiplier (FCEM) made of the electron‐conductive polymeric composition shows the following characteristics: gain ≃ 10 8 (applied voltage of 3 kV); rise time ≃ a few nanoseconds; background count rate < 0.1 cps; and maximum output current ≃ 10 −6 A. As a photon detector in the vacuum UV region, the FCEM shows a threshold value of 8.4 eV for photoelectric emission.