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Radiation‐induced graft copolymerization of butadiene to polyethylene and polypropylene
Author(s) -
Furuhashi Akira,
Kadonaga Masao
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1966.070100110
Subject(s) - crystallinity , materials science , grafting , polypropylene , polyethylene , melt flow index , copolymer , lamella (surface anatomy) , polymer chemistry , polymer , branching (polymer chemistry) , crystallite , low density polyethylene , monomer , irradiation , composite material , chemical engineering , physics , nuclear physics , engineering , metallurgy
Polyethylene and polypropylene films were irradiated by γ‐irradiation from a Co 60 source in butadiene gas flow and in liquid butaidne. Irradiating in the butadiene gas flow is particularly convenient because the gas state monomer is available directly and little homopolymer is produced. In this case, there is a retardative effect on the grafting near the surface of the film and the grafting rate shows the maximum values at 50–60°C. for high‐density PE (PEH) and PP. Irradiating in the liquid butadiene decreases the retardative effect near the surface. The effect of dose rate I on the grafting rate Rp is represented by R p ∞ I 1/4 in this case. The grafting rate is always higher in PEH than in low‐density PE (PEL). Results of x‐ray diffractometry and electron microscopy indicate that the grafting reaction occurs predominantly near the surface of the crystallite (lamella) of PE and the grafting rate is not affected by the overall crystallinity of the trunk polymer but by the configurational structure, such as the degree of branching or side‐chain length.