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Dipolar solvents in polyurethane foams
Author(s) -
Kuryla William C.
Publication year - 1965
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1965.070090319
Subject(s) - polyurethane , dimethylformamide , dimethyl sulfoxide , steric effects , catalysis , solvent , hildebrand solubility parameter , chemistry , solubility , organic chemistry , solvent effects , formamide , sulfur , polymer chemistry , materials science
A number of catalytic solvents have been discovered for the polyurethane foaming process. These solvents include N , N ‐dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), formamide, and a number of others. The catalytic effectiveness of a given solvent appears to be dependent on its dipole moment, water solubility, and the size or bulkiness of the groups which are attached to the carbonyl carbon or sulfur atom of the amides and sulfoxides, respectively. Steric effects play a very important role in controlling the catalytic efficiency of these solvents. A mechanism is proposed for the catalytic action of these solvents in the polyurethane reaction.