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Improved dyeability of polyacrylonitrile fibers by radiation grafting with vinylpyrrolidone
Author(s) -
Levine Charles A.,
Traylor Teddy G.
Publication year - 1961
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1961.070051716
Subject(s) - polyacrylonitrile , grafting , n vinylpyrrolidone , monomer , polymer chemistry , aqueous solution , materials science , polymer , fiber , molecule , chemical engineering , photochemistry , chemistry , nuclear chemistry , copolymer , organic chemistry , composite material , engineering
X‐ray, γ‐ray, and electron irradiations are used to graft vinylpyrrolidone, a dye acceptor molecule, to a synthetic fiber, polyacrylonitrile. Two processes are described. In one, doses of 10–60 krad are given to the polymer–‐aqueous monomer system at dose rates of 3–27 krad/min. In the other process, 0.2–3.0 Mrad is given the system at 0.5–90 Mrad/sec., followed by a heat treatment to elongate the graft side chain. Oxygen inhibits the grafting and various inorganic salts such as sulfates and phosphates enhance the grafting.