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Changes in fine structure and mechanical properties induced by cyanoethylation of cotton yarns. II. Reacted without longitudinal shrinkage
Author(s) -
Conrad Carl M.,
Stais D. J.,
Creely J. J.,
Harbrink Pieter
Publication year - 1961
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1961.070051406
Subject(s) - shrinkage , materials science , ultimate tensile strength , composite material , elongation , acrylonitrile , glass transition , annealing (glass) , cellulose , crystal structure , polymer , crystallography , chemical engineering , chemistry , copolymer , engineering
The cellulose of cotton yarns was reacted with acrylonitrile under conditions preventing their longitudinal contraction. Changes taking place in the fine structure of the fiber were studied by means of optical microscopy, density measurements, x‐ray diffraction, and thermal stress behavior measurements. The results indicate that in spite of the strong tensions developed in the yarns, the reaction proceeds in both the accessible and the crystalline regions with considerable volume expansion and eventual disappearance of crystalline structure. Suggestions of a glass transition temperature appear at substitutions slightly above D.S. = 1. Annealing becomes possible at substitutions above D.S. = 2 with the development of the cyanoethyl cellulose crystal structure and over 40% increase in tensile strength. Changes in tenacity, ultimate elongation, energy of rupture, and immediate elastic recovery were also observed.