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The attack of ozone on stretched rubber vulcanizates. I. The rate of cut growth
Author(s) -
Braden M.,
Gent A. N.
Publication year - 1960
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.1960.070030713
Subject(s) - vulcanization , polymer , plasticizer , natural rubber , materials science , ozone , composite material , growth rate , ultimate tensile strength , polymer chemistry , chemistry , organic chemistry , geometry , mathematics
Experimental measurements are described of the propagation of a cut through a stretched rubber sheet under the action of an atmosphere containing ozone. It is shown that a well‐defined rate of cut growth may be determined which is characteristic of growth through the bulk and substantially independent of the applied tensile stress when this exceeds a critical value necessary for growth to occur at all. The effect of the polymer employed, the vulcanization system used, the degree of crosslinking, and the presence of fillers and plasticizers on the characteristic rate of cut growth is examined. The effects of temperature in the range 2−80°C., and ozone concentration in the range 0.2–2.5 mg. of ozone/I. are also studied. It is concluded that the rate at which a cut advances in highly reactive polymers is principally determined by the rate of incidence of ozone molecules and, for relatively viscous polymers, by the restricted mobility of polymer chains. The degree of crosslinking and the vulcanization system adopted appear to be of secondary importance, while the presence of fillers has a negligible effect.