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Grafting of a styrene–acrylonitrile binary monomer mixture onto cellulose extracted from pine needles
Author(s) -
Chauhan Ghanshyam S.,
Lal Harinder,
Sharma Rajeev,
Guleria Lalit,
Sarwade B. D.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/app.10150
Subject(s) - comonomer , monomer , grafting , acrylonitrile , cellulose , styrene , polymer chemistry , potassium persulfate , chemistry , nuclear chemistry , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , materials science , copolymer , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , polymer , engineering
In an attempt to develop new reactive membrane materials, we graft‐copolymerized styrene (Sty) and acrylonitrile (AN) onto cellulose extracted from pine needles by a chemical initiation method. The optimum grafting reaction conditions for Sty onto cellulose were earlier evaluated as [Sty] = 656.25 mmol/L and [potassium persulfate–ferrous ammonium sulfate] = 146.3:12.75mmol/L in 20 mL of H 2 O with a reaction time of 3 h and a reaction temperature of 60°C for 1 g of cellulose. Under these conditions, Sty was graft‐copolymerized with AN at five different concentrations of the latter. Grafting parameters and different rates of concentration were evaluated. The effects of additives such as ZnCl 2 , LiNO 3 , and Cu(NO) 3 were studied at the best comonomer concentration of Sty–AN. In the presence of ZnCl 2 , Sty–AN graft‐copolymerized in an alternate way, thus, making it evident that ZnCl 2 coordinated to form a “complexomer,” or complex of monomers [Sty − AN + …ZnCl 2 ], of two monomers. Evidence of the structural characteristics of grafted chains were provided by characterization with elemental analysis, thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2000–2007, 2002