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Equilibrium and kinetic study for the removal of malachite green using activated carbon prepared from Borassus flabellofer male flower
Author(s) -
Jagadeesh Babu P. E.,
Kumar Vimal,
Visvanathan Renuka
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
asia‐pacific journal of chemical engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.348
H-Index - 35
eISSN - 1932-2143
pISSN - 1932-2135
DOI - 10.1002/apj.327
Subject(s) - malachite green , freundlich equation , langmuir , activated carbon , sorption , adsorption , chemistry , diffusion , kinetic energy , kinetics , chromatography , nuclear chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical engineering , thermodynamics , organic chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
Activated carbon was prepared from dried Borassus flabellofer male flower and batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study its potential to remove malachite green (MG) dye. The process was further optimized by studying the operating variables like initial pH of the stock solution, activation temperature, initial dye concentration, adsorbent loading and contact time. The optimized pH and activation temperatures were found to be 7.55 and 450 °C respectively, where further analysis was made using these optimal variables. Linear, Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were studied and it was found that the Langmuir isotherms have the highest correlation coefficients compared to the others. Further, the sorption kinetics were analysed using pseudo‐first‐order and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models. The data showed that the second‐order equation was the more appropriate, which indicate that the intra‐particle diffusion is the rate limiting factor. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.