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Quartz halogen‐ultrasonication integrated rotating reactor for efficient photocatalytic‐thermocatalytic synthesis of glyceryl monocaprin: Kinetics of heterogeneous esterification
Author(s) -
Karan Poulami,
Mukhopadhyay Punam,
Chakraborty Rajat
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
asia‐pacific journal of chemical engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.348
H-Index - 35
eISSN - 1932-2143
pISSN - 1932-2135
DOI - 10.1002/apj.2379
Subject(s) - kinetics , chemistry , catalysis , photocatalysis , sonication , nuclear chemistry , halogen , activation energy , distilled water , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , chromatography , physics , alkyl , quantum mechanics , engineering
A pioneering intensification protocol for glyceryl monocaprin (GMC) synthesis deploying coactive electromagnetic energies,viz. quartz halogen radiation (QHR) and ultrasonication (US) is explored. Concurrently, Amberlyst 15 (A15) and nano‐TiO 2 P25 (NT‐P25) were applied to achieve capric acid (CA) conversion of 97% ± 0.5%, employing the integrated QHR‐US energized rotating reactor (QHRUERR), which was 7.5% ± 0.5% higher than QH energized rotating reactor (QHERR) and 20% ± 1% greater compared to an ultrasonically energized rotating reactor (USERR). Optimal factors, viz., 0.35:1 CA:glycerol mole ratio, 343K temperature, 0.67:1 A15:P25(wt./wt.) dose, resulted maximum GMC selectivity (95% ± 0.3%). Langmuir–Hinshelwood model ( R 2 = .99) could best represent the esterification kinetics in QHRUERR under optimal condition. Significantly, reaction activation energy was found minimum in QHRUERR (9.63 kJ/mol) compared with a rotating reactor equipped either with QHR (27.5 kJ/mol) or the US (32.74 kJ/mol), thus implying promising synergy and energy efficiency of QHRUERR. Ultraviolet‐visible diffuse reflectance spectra and photoluminescence analyses exhibited the photoactivity of ATO (A15 : NT‐P25=0.67: 1 w/w) catalyst possessing lower band gap energy (2.98 eV). The optimal product GMC demonstrated appreciable food preservative attributes toward Aspergillus Niger food pathogen. An energy‐efficient and sustainable reactor could, thus, be explored in this study for proficient green synthesis of valuable food preservatives.