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Comparison of Canola and Soy Flour with Added Isocyanate as Wood Adhesives
Author(s) -
Barzegar Mahsa,
Behrooz Rabi,
Mansouri Hamid Reza,
Najafi Saeed Kazemi,
Lorenz Linda F.,
Frihart Charles R.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1002/aocs.12410
Subject(s) - canola , adhesive , isocyanate , soy flour , epichlorohydrin , composite material , materials science , food science , chemistry , polyurethane , layer (electronics)
Canola is widely grown in the northern latitudes for its vegetable oil, generating large quantities of residual, low value canola flour used as animal feed. The common wood adhesive poly(diphenylmethylene diisocyanate) (pMDI) should react with the wide variety of functional groups in proteins. Therefore, it would seem that canola flour with added pMDI could be an effective adhesive. Two main questions are addressed in this study: How do the wood adhesive properties of canola flour compare to the better‐studied soy flour? How well do proteins, which contain an abundance of functional groups, cure with the very reactive pMDI? These questions were addressed using the small‐scale adhesive strength test ASTM D‐7998, with various adhesive formulations and bonding conditions for canola flour plus pMDI compared to soy adhesives. The more challenging wet cohesive bond strength was emphasized because the dry strengths were usually very good. Generally, soy adhesives were better than canola ones, as was the polyamidoamine‐epichlorohydrin cross‐linker compared to pMDI, but these generalizations can be altered by the conditions selected. Three‐ply plywood tests supported the small‐scale test results.