Premium
Zinc‐containing ionic liquid as a dual solvent‐catalyst in base‐free condensations under ultrasonic irradiation
Author(s) -
Ghafuri Hossein,
Yaghoubi Soheila,
Zand Hamid Reza Esmaili
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
applied organometallic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1099-0739
pISSN - 0268-2605
DOI - 10.1002/aoc.5149
Subject(s) - chemistry , catalysis , ionic liquid , proton nmr , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , solvent , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , carbon 13 nmr , inorganic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , organic chemistry , chemical engineering , engineering
In this study, natural‐based ionic liquid (IL) using caffeine (Caff), trietahnolamine (TEA) and ZnBr 2 , [Caff‐TEA] + [ZnBr 3 ] − , which features high catalytic activity and environmentally‐friendly nature was synthesized with melting point of 76 °C by a facile method. The synthesized [Caff‐TEA] + [ZnBr 3 ] − has high catalytic activity as both of catalyst and solvent in condensation reactions for the synthesis of benzylidenes, bis‐hydroxyenones and xanthenes. Synthesized IL was characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 HNMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Also synthesized heterocycles were characterized by FT‐IR, proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 HNMR) and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 CNMR).