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Design and preparation of ZnS‐ZnFe 2 O 4 : a green and efficient hybrid nanocatalyst for the multicomponent synthesis of 2,4,5‐triaryl‐1 H ‐imidazoles
Author(s) -
Varzi Zahra,
Maleki Ali
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
applied organometallic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1099-0739
pISSN - 0268-2605
DOI - 10.1002/aoc.5008
Subject(s) - benzil , chemistry , catalysis , ammonium acetate , bimetallic strip , ammonium perchlorate , scanning electron microscope , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , particle size , heterogeneous catalysis , spectroscopy , nuclear chemistry , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , high performance liquid chromatography , materials science , engineering , physics , quantum mechanics , composite material
In the present work, a new protocol was introduced for the preparation of an efficient hybrid nanocatalyst ZnS‐ZnFe 2 O 4 via the co‐precipitation method as well as its application in the synthesis of 2,4,5‐triaryl‐1 H ‐imidazoles derivatives starting from various aromatic aldehydes, benzil and ammonium acetate under ultrasonic irradiation in ethanol. ZnS‐ZnFe 2 O 4 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) curve. This method has advantages such as high efficiency of the heterogeneous catalyst, the use of environmentally‐friendly solvent, high yields, short reaction times and easy isolation of the products and chromatography‐free purification. Our outcomes illustrated that the present nanocatalyst with nearly spherical and Cauliflower‐like morphology and average particle size of 36 nm could be applied as an effective and magnetically recyclable catalyst without any significant decreasing of activity. Furthermore, the synergic effect of bimetallic Lewis acids was studied for the synthesis of imidazole derivatives.