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Enhanced dechlorination of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pd/Fe nanoparticles in the presence of environment‐friendly iminodisuccinic acid
Author(s) -
Zhou Hongyi,
Zhao Yongkang,
Xiang Junchao,
Baig Shams Ali,
Chen Yong
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
applied organometallic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1099-0739
pISSN - 0268-2605
DOI - 10.1002/aoc.4598
Subject(s) - passivation , chemistry , reactivity (psychology) , nanoparticle , zerovalent iron , 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid , layer (electronics) , nuclear chemistry , inorganic chemistry , environmentally friendly , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , materials science , adsorption , medicine , ecology , botany , biology , alternative medicine , pathology
Environment‐friendly iminodisuccinic acid (IDS) has been recognized to enhance the reactivity of Pd/Fe nanoparticles (nPd/Fe) for the effective dechlorination of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D). In this study, the improving effects of IDS and other experimental parameters, such as IDS concentration, initial pH, Pd ratio and reaction temperature, on the reduction of 2,4‐D were investigated. Characterization analyses of nPd/Fe with and without IDS were performed, and the mechanism of the improvement by IDS of nPd/Fe reactivity was also elucidated. Results revealed that IDS not only removed the passivation layer on nanoscale zero‐valent iron (nZVI) surface, but also inhibited the iron ions from forming nZVI surface passivation layer through complexation. As a result, nPd/Fe maintained their reactivity throughout the reaction. In the presence of IDS, the removal efficiency of 2,4‐D by nPd/Fe was significantly increased from 32.5 to 99.2%, and nearly 96.2% phenoxyacetic acid (PA) was simultaneously generated. The findings from the present study demonstrate that IDS could be a promising alternative complexing agent for inhibiting surface passivation and enhancing the effective utilization of nPd/Fe for dechlorination.