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Graphene‐mesoporous anatase TiO 2 nanocomposite: A highly efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for one‐pot multicomponent synthesis of benzodiazepine derivatives
Author(s) -
Shoeb Mohd,
Mobin Mohammad,
Ali Abad,
Zaman Shamsuz,
Naqvi Alim H.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
applied organometallic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1099-0739
pISSN - 0268-2605
DOI - 10.1002/aoc.3961
Subject(s) - graphene , catalysis , mesoporous material , anatase , nanocomposite , chemistry , context (archaeology) , raman spectroscopy , chemical engineering , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , photocatalysis , materials science , organic chemistry , engineering , paleontology , physics , optics , biology
The potential to bias chemical reaction pathways is a significant goal for physicists and material researchers to design revolutionary materials. Recently, two‐dimensional materials have appeared as a promising candidate for exploring novel catalyst activity in organic reaction. In this context, herein we report an easy and efficient synthesis of substituted benzodiazepines in high yields through the graphene‐based mesoporous TiO 2 nanocomposite (Gr@TiO 2 NCs) catalyst. To validate the merits of the Gr@TiO 2 NCs as a catalyst, we have also designed TiO 2 nanoparticle (NPs) under similar conditions. Successful comprehension realization of Gr@TiO 2 NCs and TiO 2 NPs were concluded from the XRD, SEM, HR‐TEM, EDS elemental mapping, FT‐IR, Raman, UV–Vis and TGA analysis. Gr@TiO 2 NCs has the propitious catalyst performance (~98%) over the TiO 2 NPs (~77%), which could be scrutinized in terms of graphene support toward the TiO 2 NPs and enable the large contact area between graphene and TiO 2 NPs. Incorporated graphene maintaining TiO 2 as a catalytically active and attracting electron to site isolation, as well as protecting TiO 2 from oxidative degradation during the reaction. Moreover, the role of graphene is suggested to prolonged reaction duration, yield and unaltered throughout the reaction because of the π‐π interaction between graphene and TiO 2 NPs. Additionally, the catalyst is recycled by filtration and reprocessed six times without having a significant loss in its catalytic activity.