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Non–symmetrically p –nitrobenzyl–substituted N –heterocyclic carbene–silver(I) complexes as metallopharmaceutical agents
Author(s) -
Shahini C. R.,
Achar Gautam,
Budagumpi Srinivasa,
Tacke Matthias,
Patil Siddappa A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
applied organometallic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1099-0739
pISSN - 0268-2605
DOI - 10.1002/aoc.3819
Subject(s) - hexafluorophosphate , chemistry , antibacterial activity , carbene , minimum inhibitory concentration , nuclear chemistry , imidazole , silver oxide , medicinal chemistry , stereochemistry , organic chemistry , antimicrobial , bacteria , ionic liquid , biology , genetics , catalysis
In the present work, a series of eight new imidazole, 4,5–dichloroimidazole, 4,5–diphenylimidazole and benzimidazole based nitro–functionalized mono– N –heterocyclic carbene (NHC)–silver(I) acetate ( 7a–d ) and bis–NHC–silver(I) hexafluorophosphate complexes ( 8a–d ) were synthesised by the reaction of the corresponding azolium hexafluorophosphate salts ( 6a–d ) with silver(I) acetate and silver(I) oxide in methanol and acetonitrile, respectively. All the synthesised compounds were fully characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and elemental analyses. Additionally, the structure of bis–(1–benzyl–3–( p –nitrobenzyl)–4,5–dichloroimidazole–2–ylidene)silver(I) hexafluorophosphate complex ( 8b ) was confirmed by single crystal X–ray diffraction analysis. Preliminary in vitro antibacterial evaluation was conducted for all the compounds ( 6a–d) , ( 7a–d) , and ( 8a–d) by Kirby–Bauer's disc diffusion method followed by the determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) from broth macrodilution method against five standard bacteria; two Gram–positive bacterial strains ( Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and three Gram–negative bacterial strains ( Escherichia coli , Shigella sonnei, and Salmonella typhi). All the hexafluorophosphate salts ( 6a – d) were found inactive against the tested bacterial strains and their corresponding mono– and bis–NHC–silver(I) complexes ( 7a–d and 8a–d ) exhibited moderate to high antibacterial activity with MIC value in the range 8–128 μg/mL. In addition, preliminary in vitro anticancer potential of all the silver(I) complexes ( 7a–d and 8a–d ) was determined against the human derived breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF 7) by MTT assay. All the mono– and bis–NHC–silver(I) complexes ( 7a–d and 8a–d ) orchestrated high anticancer potential with IC 50 values ranging from 10.39 to 59.56 nM. In comparison, mono– NHC–silver(I) complexes performed better than the bis–NHC–silver(I) complexes.