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Nickel‐catalyzed coupling of CO 2 and amines: improved synthesis of carbamates
Author(s) -
Niu Dong Fang,
Zhang Li,
Xiao Li Ping,
Luo Yi Wen,
Lu Jia Xing
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
applied organometallic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1099-0739
pISSN - 0268-2605
DOI - 10.1002/aoc.1314
Subject(s) - chemistry , nickel , catalysis , electrochemistry , amine gas treating , electrolyte , inorganic chemistry , cathode , carbon dioxide , base (topology) , electrode , organic chemistry , mathematical analysis , mathematics
The electrochemical incorporation of carbon dioxide into amines catalyzed by an electrogenerated Ni complex afforded carbamates in moderate yields under very mild conditions ( p CO 2= 1 atm, room temperature) without any addition of probases. Mechanistic and electrochemical studies revealed the role of reduced nickel species in the activation of CO 2 and electrogenerated CO $_{2}^{.-}$ as a base in the synthesis of carbamates. The influence of number of faradays per mole of amine supplied to the electrodes ( Q ), cathode materials, temperatures, supporting salts and amounts of catalyst was studied to optimize the electrolytic conditions. A plausible reaction mechanism for the reduction of CO 2 was proposed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.