Open AccessArtificial amniotic fluid for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies
Author(s) -
Naila Doshina,
Sadanand Siddharth,
Sussman Dafna
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
analytical science advances
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2628-5452
DOI - 10.1002/ansa.202100055
Subject(s) - amniocentesis , amniotic fluid , imaging phantom , miscarriage , magnetic resonance imaging , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , nuclear magnetic resonance , medicine , fetus , prenatal diagnosis , pregnancy , radiology , physics , biology , genetics
Amniocentesis is the process of retrieving the nutrient‐rich amniotic fluid (AF) that encompasses the growing fetus in order to diagnose fetal diseases and developmental disorders. Currently, it is only performed on pregnant persons at risk and is invasive with the potential for infection and in some cases, miscarriage. A non‐invasive alternative is needed and could be developed using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). To develop such MRS sequences, ample testing and training are needed and could be most efficiently conducted on a phantom. We propose a protocol for creating such a synthetic AF phantom for MRS testing and optimization. The proposed AF is validated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) proving it produces spectra comparable to those in the literature. The results from this study can aid in developing a non‐invasive fetal diagnostic tool to replace amniocentesis.