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Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Assisted Cationic Aqua Palladium(II) Complex Enables Highly Efficient Asymmetric Reactions in Water
Author(s) -
Kitanosono Taku,
Hisada Tomoya,
Yamashita Yasuhiro,
Kobayashi Shū
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.202009989
Subject(s) - enantioselective synthesis , palladium , chemistry , cationic polymerization , catalysis , hydrogen bond , lewis acids and bases , combinatorial chemistry , ligand (biochemistry) , solvent , molecule , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , biochemistry , receptor
Metal‐bound water molecules have recently been recognized as a new facet of soft Lewis acid catalysis. Herein, a chiral palladium aqua complex was constructed that enables carbon–hydrogen bonds of indoles to be functionalized efficiently. We embraced a chiral 2,2′‐bipyridine as both ligand and hydrogen‐bond donor to configure a robust, yet highly Lewis acidic, chiral aqua complex in water. Whereas the enantioselectivity could not be controlled in organic solvents or under solvent‐free conditions, the use of aqueous environments allowed the σ‐indolylpalladium intermediates to react efficiently in a highly enantioselective manner. This work thus describes a potentially powerful new approach to the transformation of organometallic intermediates in a highly enantioselective manner under mild reaction conditions.