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Drug‐Like Properties in Macrocycles above MW 1000: Backbone Rigidity versus Side‐Chain Lipophilicity
Author(s) -
Furukawa Akihiro,
Schwochert Joshua,
Pye Cameron R.,
Asano Daigo,
Edmondson Quinn D.,
Turmon Alexandra C.,
Klein Victoria G.,
Ono Satoshi,
Okada Okimasa,
Lokey R. Scott
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.202004550
Subject(s) - lipophilicity , peptoid , chemistry , rigidity (electromagnetism) , structural rigidity , side chain , molecular dynamics , permeability (electromagnetism) , scaffold , adme , stereochemistry , biophysics , membrane , combinatorial chemistry , computational chemistry , organic chemistry , peptide , materials science , in vitro , biochemistry , computer science , polymer , geometry , mathematics , database , composite material , biology
Large macrocyclic peptides can achieve surprisingly high membrane permeability, although the properties that govern permeability in this chemical space are only beginning to come into focus. We generated two libraries of cyclic decapeptides with stable cross‐β conformations, and found that peptoid substitutions within the β‐turns of the macrocycle preserved the rigidity of the parent scaffold, whereas peptoid substitutions in the opposing β‐strands led to “chameleonic” species that were rigid in nonpolar media but highly flexible in water. Both rigid and chameleonic compounds showed high permeability over a wide lipophilicity range, with peak permeabilities differing significantly depending on scaffold rigidity. Our findings indicate that modulating lipophilicity can be used to engineer favorable ADME properties into both rigid and flexible macrocyclic peptides, and that scaffold rigidity can be used to tune optimal lipophilicity.